Scientific names are an essential link that serve to communicate biological information across many spheres of use.
The Linnaean system, which is central to all scientific names, dates to the eighteenth century. Its central tenet of a hierarchical classification predates modern concepts of evolution and phylogenetic systematics yet has endured as an adaptable and intuitive system to name and classify organismal diversity. The use of binomial names for species, drawing on Latin and latinized ancient Greek, is a legacy that has been incorporated into requirements for the description of new species, known as the Codes or Rules of nomenclature, which vary between groups of organisms and are developed by internationally mandated bodies. The relevant Code for Fungi as well as non-fungal groups traditionally treated as fungi, such as oomycetes and slime moulds, is the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICNafp, or simply, the Code). The ICNapf is revised at Nomenclature Section meetings of each, now six-yearly, International Botanical Congress (IBC)-except for fungal groups, where changes that apply only to them form a separate Chapter F that is decided upon at each, four-yearly, International Mycological Congress (IMC). The current ICNafp and Chapter F are, respectively, those of Turland et al. ( 2019).įor a new name to be validly published and thus available for use there are formal (or ‘legal’) requirements that are imposed by the Code, termed Articles. For example, the designation of a type accompanied by a diagnosis and/or a description of the species is mandated by the Code.
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